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THE MONSTER!Norman sat at his
workstation that morning, just as he did every morning. It was the same for
many others who sat at their workstations, in plush chairs sitting upon smooth
casters, in crowded cubicles flooded by the whispering of forced air under an
acoustically-tiled ceiling from which fluorescent light rained down like a fine
mist, softening the would-be shadows, their edges softened, no boundaries
– only overlapping patterns of bright and dim. It was a question of
degree, not of substance. To Norman’s right, there
was a phone. A telecommunication system is more like it. A phone as merely a
phone rarely exists in such an environment, having been melded into a larger
venue of components – integrated if you prefer, into the greater scheme
of things. But it was like a phone
nonetheless. It had on it a light which changed color to meet the circumstance
and it would begin its horrid and disturbing blinking at precisely 8am, Monday
through Friday and occasionally on a Saturday if someone were there to watch
it. It usually started with a solid, unblinking green: a sign that there were
fewer than five callers on the line at that given moment. Such was a typical
weekday morning, especially Monday morning. Push the “on” button and there it
was: green. Glowing. Other days, particularly Fridays, it might begin by blinking red instead. That was as
bad as it was likely to get. Blinking red. It meant that there were over twenty
callers on the lines at one time, and that was a condition which was as
unresolvable as it was intolerable. And yet it happened. But, in either case,
Norman would begin, as usual, by resolutely putting on his head set, turning
his computer on, and launching several programs in readiness for the barrage of
technical questions that lay in wait inside the small box to which his headset
was attached. Norman was wired. He was
wired to the telephone. He was wired to the computer. He was wired in many and
varied directions, strung by cables to listening devices, viewing devices, data
storage devices, memory chips and whirring hard drives, optical drives, flash
memory, all securely connected to Norman in the small booth where he worked.
His calls were counted and their duration measured and recorded by another computer
somewhere in the building. His phone system was capable of being monitored by
either human or artificial means, which was to say that it was monitored by
both so that the human monitor was then monitored as well. Sometimes he could
literally feel the gaze upon him—particularly when he was having trouble
getting a caller off the line in time to keep his stats on track. He had to
make his numbers: six inbounds an hour for four to five hours. There was a
period of time for outbound calls too. Callbacks or returns to callers who had
gotten lost in the queue. They, of course didn’t count, that is, they didn’t
help Norman’s stats, as the department was optimally
expected not to have any outbound calls anyway. But nominal conditions
prevailed over optimal ones. It was a strain to make the outbounds when Norman
was behind on his inbound quota, a daily recurring situation. What could he do?
It was all recorded. It was on a chart at the weekly meeting—a meeting
which he, a mere minion, was not invited to, but one in which his manager would
dutifully participate, in consort with the many well-dressed, well-heeled,
executives making those private and troublesome decisions which would, no
doubt, increase the efficiency of the department as a whole, even if at the
expense of a few—minions that is. This would result in, quite simply,
more demands, more calls, more blinking lights and more to fear for Norman.
Each week it grew worse. Even his pitiful little strategies to get “caught up”
only exacerbated his fears – a tactic
gone wrong, a momentary lapse into self-service, la perreuque[1]
if you will, when using the call back time to make a personal call. For that
too was counted, if not credited, by the panoptic[2]
gaze of the monster, the web of people and computers, this cyborgial system at
full throttle, looking with x-ray eyes through Norman’s cubicle seeing him
every time he scratched his nose. Such was this system of
machines – of machines connected to even more machines. Their cybernetic
link to Norman grew in form and strength moment by moment. The grip grew
tighter by each passing day. Even on the weekends it seemed to Norman that he
could feel the tingle of the connection, a few millivolts perhaps, nothing more
than a suspicion really, but a feeling nonetheless. As he watched television he
would wonder where the wire led to which protruded from the back of the special
box which allowed him to receive pictures and sounds that at times made no
sense at all. Animals would crawl about on the set while a very masculine, yet
kindly and paternal voice described how they were about to die a bloody and
violent death in the jaws of yet a larger animal. Norman knew that these
animals were different in the “real” but it had been a long time since he had
actually been to the zoo, had smelled the fecundal presence of live animals,
and perhaps stepped in the piles of dung which the monkeys threw at camera
toting spectators in their Hawaiian shirts and Bermuda shorts. Which was the
signifier and which was the signified? The link was no longer apparent. Day
after day it seemed that a Lacanian schizophrenia took over Norman’s ability to
separate himself from that which he perceived. His memories grew less
trustworthy as he became more subsumed by the present — a present that
seemed to repeat itself endlessly, perhaps never exactly the same, but always
as a “now”. So that when it hurt, and it did hurt, it hurt to be alone, by
himself in that cubicle among other cubicles, it hurt then, or “now” just as it
did for all eternity, for eternity is, at such moments, the embodiment of the
now. Perhaps then, like his
computer and his phone and all the computers at his work, his television also
was connected. Connected to the monster that is. The monster which lived in the
buildings and in the wires and telephone cables and under the floors and under
the streets throughout the city and ran from state to state, clawing its way
through microwaves to satellites spanning continents, immune to the names of
nations and the heads of corporations. Yes, Norman was sure of that. It sounded
a bit paranoid, but how else could it be? The planet itself was now
the cyborg[3].
It was not just the people like Norman who were becoming machines, but the
entire globe. It had started, quite possibly with steel and concrete. The
roads, once dirt, and stone, had marked the trails which would soon become the
arteries and nerves of the cyborg monster. A dragon like the those imagined in
medieval times, but now, instead of scales, teeth, a forked tongue breathing
flames and flapping wings, one that was composed of metal and glass and optical
fibers, composite insulation, the skin of the giant reptile. Buried in the dirt
and running under the oceans, cables and tunnels have reached out to span the
entire globe so that the ultimate hive would be created: a hive of workers who
toil under the gaze of each other in an effort towards greater and greater
efficiency through greater and greater connectivity. The “gaze” is a shared
moment. It is a shared dilemma. An infection, a virus. Once internalized, it is
passed on and on, from one to another, each time taking on the form of the next
host, each then a mirror of the other. Norman stared at his
monitor for a moment. As the computer booted up the screen was dark, and caught
the reflection of light from a distant window. His face was momentarily
reflected in the screen. The face looked at the face looking at it. There was a
moment of connectivity—of continuity that shook Norman. Where was his
face at this moment? Was it still attached to his body? Or was his body now in
the machine? Or did it even matter? The connection between the signifier and
the signified was, then, lost. Which was the reflection and which was the
original. Or was there an original?
But there must be! Yet, where was it? Then, with a flicker of the glowing screen
took on its familiar appearance of icons against a bleak darkness, Norman now
the Sauseurian[4] link between
one space-time referent and another, but only by passing through a void into
which Norman would reach and reach and reach for more and more information,
then, when satisfied he had exploited all of the possible resources, spew them
out again towards the myriad of callers, of customers, of voices throughout the
country, even the world. It was information which would surface in the form of
more and more machines, each demanding something new of its attendant
biological subjects. The demands would grow and grow until the bio-sub was used up, fatigued, exhausted
and no longer suitable to the task of propagating more machines, and then
discarded, laid-off, fired, retired, bought out, early-outed, or, worse yet,
promoted even deeper into the recesses of the monster’s lair – an
executive position perhaps. It was all for the moment. That moment. The moment which inevitably
demanded his fullest attention. He tried looking behind him, or to the side,
remembering, finding a path out somehow, but by looking backwards he only saw
the greater presence of the moment. The future looked like the void in the screen.
It looked like the emptiness of space, a space without stars. The past,
however, was only a series of photographs pasted upon the sides of buildings,
torn posters worn by rain and time itself which served to make those things
that were a distortion, a recollection of a time that never was. Norman remembered his last
vacation time. He had walked outside, and tried to smell the air. He could, but
he could also smell the exhaust of the cars, the acrid diesel of trucks, a
faint whiff of road tar —and the noise too had bothered him so. He had
walked along a sidewalk, up a small hill among large houses with large lawns,
wet from sprinklers set to timers, tied to power lines, themselves a part of
the monster. The sidewalk was so narrow. He walked on, but in fear of the racing
automobiles as they careened downward, inches from him, but so many safe yards
from the houses behind the soggy lawns. He attempted to cross the street. The
light had turned green for the automobiles while the bright red “wait” signaled
Norman to remain, passive, where he was, and he did so, for the sign was wired
too, through the pole into the concrete, into the earth upon the monster’s back
perhaps, wired firmly, resolutely as it were. Norman had forgotten the ritual
of the button and now he had to wait for the light to turn red and then to turn
green again. The sign would change then to “walk,” but only for a few moments,
the person, the human, clearly subordinate to the demands of traffic, the
motors of commerce, the wheels of progress so to speak. He simply must pay more
attention. Norman knew his place among the monster’s world of metal and plastic
and asphalt. He would remember his homage to the monster, and this time press
the button. A large truck rumbled by.
It shook the ground on which Norman walked, and rattled the windows of a nearby
house finally setting off a hideous alarm buried inside the bowels of a parked
car. Norman felt frightened lest the owner of the car think it was he, Norman,
who had somehow tampered with the powerful machine of metal, rubber and plastic
as it sat, for the moment inert, but for the cacophony of the wailing
alarm, yet a mass of potential
energy, full of dangerous combustible fluids, ever ready to unleash its
enormous kinetic power on the broad road that ran along the sidewalk. He looked for a place to
be, but there was no place designed for his frail soft body, so Norman
continued walking and walking until he found a small park. He thought of
sitting in the park and doing, well, nothing. Possibly defining a space for
himself by merely being there. Was such a thing even possible? Certainly it
must be! There, just over there, a short distance, some children were sitting
about playing loud music from a black box. They had their space. Did Norman have his? Or was he only intruding into
theirs? The music was familiar but not kind to Norman. Its dissonance was
irritating. But the children seemed to like it. They were swaying to the
rhythms, or at least the beat, of the music, their familiar yet unfamiliar
baggy pants now like South Pacific sarongs with sparkling chains. It was their
music. It was not Norman’s. They
seemed so at ease with what to Norman was so utterly unfamiliar. Had time once
again abandoned him – leaving him stranded, alone, an alien? These
children, their use of the music, their strange clothes, playing in the busy
streets, setting off car alarms for fun, all this constituted a special kind of
knowledge, a savoir-vivre[5]
of the moment. But for Norman it was discord and chaos – a dizzying and
disorienting rupture[6] in his
continuum. The place of signification was lost for Norman. He could not stay.
Instead, he continued walking until he was too tired to continue. So he found a
bus stop and there he sat until its arrival. It came to a screeching halt, the
hard metal of the brakes rubbing against the composite abrasive of the brake
pads. It lurched upon its final stop. The doors opened with a hiss of
hydraulics and a man with sunglasses sat behind the wheel looking in Norman’s
direction. Norman boarded. He gave the anonymous driver a dollar and received
no change. He received no acknowledgment of even having boarded the bus. So he
sat down near an old lady and thought about the old Mrs. Dupuis[7]
who had owned a bakery years ago. He remembered the building, a white concrete
box with one large window in which there were displayed loaves of bread and an
occasional cake either meant for a customer or simply for decoration. Had she
died? Where had she gone? What of the business? He had gone back one day, and
there was no sign of her or the business. The building, still white, still a
simple box, had its window now filled with antique clothing instead of piles of
round bread loaves, and a young purple-haired woman was arranging the clothes
on their mannequins and display racks. The clothing itself was strange, long,
slinky, with beads draped here and there. The young woman was wearing similar
clothing which draped from her body in an alluring fashion, but which also
contradicted her age. But somehow those clothes made sense against her very
pale skin, and her face with black lipstick and strange shadows around her
eyes. Norman could barely see what appeared to be a set of tiny headphones
plugged into the young woman’s ears. The hint of a wire, so delicate and fine,
a fiber, a blade of grass or a bit of spider web perhaps, which ran from her
neck to some hidden recess in her clothing. A connection? Or perhaps a
consolation – even a roadblock to the Monster, a barrier of white-noise,
or a song of reconciliation. A bright neon sign was above the window and read “Years
Truly”. Strangely appropriate, thought Norman. Strange too, how such a thing
like Dupri’s store could come and go like that. How what must have been decades
of her constant presence could so utterly disappear. How even the same old
white building could be so different now, as if it had never been otherwise,
and how it could never again retain the sense of permanence it once had –
again the rupture, the historical rift, as if history had stopped altogether.
Well, not all of history perhaps, but the one which Norman had belonged to. Was
old lady Dupris merely a style of that other time? Or was she the thing of permanence
which had been somehow lost, now replaced by the young woman with the wires
that ran out of her ears. Or could it be that the young woman was ever more thoroughly the one of permanence!
After all, it was she who was now connected to the monster, not old lady
Dupris. Not Norman. The bus lurched at a stop,
and the old woman next to him got up, holding a plastic bag, wearing clothes
much like the ones that Norman remembered having seen the young woman wearing
in the old bakery building. How strange! Did they know each other? She got off.
The doors slammed shut and the bus jolted off towards the downtown. It was a city of glass,
each building reflected in another and another. In such a reflection of
continuous but fragmented images, each pain held at once a portion of what it
reflected and what it was, melding them together into a larger and more
complicated single image. Behind each window people could look outside yet
remain secure in their own anonymity, indeed, invisible to the outside, the
objective observer. Reaching down from dozens of stories high all the way down
to the grime of the street upon which Norman’s bus traveled, the reflections
continued. It was a crystalline structure growing up from the ground just as it
also reached down from the heavens. The bus traveled its prescribed path only
stopping at precise and discrete points. Pedestrians, however, seemed more
free. They crossed the streets wherever it seemed convenient, oblivious to the
dangers, even taunting the horrible machines that surrounded them. Into the
buildings they went, and out again, into the many street-level doors which held
shops and offices. They seemed connected but not like Norman felt connected. He
was tethered to the monster, while these urban dwellers seemed to be unafraid
of it, in fact, they seemed to be almost playing with it! They had their
earphones on. They held little telephones. They worked their way through crowds
of people and machines as if with purpose, claiming a new “total space”[8]
in the process. It appeared to Norman as a kind of “hyper-crowd” amid some
collective practice of the spectacle.
These people looked neither forward nor backward, but directly at and
into the moment. They were the survivors. Or were they? Could they merely be
passive captives of the monster? Soldiers caught in the passivity game, caught “in
the power of hierarchical surveillance” and ultimately normalized?[9]
Norman, for a moment, while
in the bus, as if on a tour, watching from within the spectacle without, grew
envious of these creatures. So modern and so deliberate. In their grace they
seemed so utterly unreflective, as if the myriad of class walls surround them
prevented dangerous levels of introspection, and instead beamed constant images
of themselves at them, keeping them in their place, in straight lines, like
gasses in a laser, lasing from one mirror to another in a constant rhythm of
minute quantum leaps, the occasional photon, the stray thought. How comforting
it would be to just be. To merely participate. It was what Norman had always
wanted wasn’t it? To be among the many. To be secure at last amid the throngs
of people who now scurried about, happily involved in, in what? Oh yes,
involved in the monster. The MONSTER! That was it. This was the making of the Monster. The memory of that day on
the bus, the walk to the park, the children playing loud and strange music, the
large soggy lawns and narrow sidewalks, all that faded into the cool
luminescence of the florescent lighting into the cubicle where Norman sat. The
little light was amber now. Amber was, well it was certainly doable. There were
probably ten callers on the line. Or in the line. Down the line, as it ran
along the wall to Norman’s booth, and then through the floor and into another
computer, then to a router, and switching boxes and even further to a main
trunk of massively bundled copper wires and fiber, and then split up later into
more and more switches, some to become microwaves and then turned back into
simple electrons which would run along copper again, forming the scales of the
Monster’s body. The endless continuum of people, machine, people and machine again reaching though the
very core of the earth with everyone, maybe not yet, but eventually, everyone
connected, happily or not, connected to the monster, at one with the monster,
the greatest cyborg of all: the Earth. Norman pressed the button on the phone.
There was a moment of quiet. Norman pondered the quiet. For a moment he wished
it really were a quiet. But it was more of a digital silence. He could not
endure the moment. He acted. He spoke: “Technical support. Norman here. How can
I help you?” The silence continued. But only briefly until Norman was swallowed
up once again, linked by that wire, and the keyboard, and the screen and the
memory chips and the cables and satellite dishes, linked again, yoked to the
Monster, just like the thousands of others in their cubicles, in glass
buildings and air-conditioned rooms, at that very moment – yes, just like
Norman, wired to the monster. [1] The term “la perreuque” means “wig” in French. De Certeau defines it as being the case in which “the worker’s own work [is] disguised as work for his employer.” See Michel de Certeau, the Practice of Everyday Life, University of California press, 1984, p. 24-28, (esp. p. 25) [2] Michel Foucault gives a full treatment of the term “panoptic” and “panopticism” in “Discipline and Punish” Georges Borchardt, Inc. 1977, especially the chapter entitled “Panopticism.” (p. 195) [3] A full and rich discussion of the concept of the “cyborg” is found in the exuberant article by Donna Haraway entitled “A Manifesto for Cyborgs” in “Feminism/Postmodernism”, Linda J. Nicholson ed., Routledge, 1990, pp. 190-233. There, Haraway posits a dichotomy between tradition as “natural” but phallocentric and a postmodern condition which is more gender neutral but less natural, indeed, cybernetic. For Haraway this is a good thing. She is no longer a she per se. Indeed, her closing statement in the article is that she “would rather be a cyborg than a goddess.” (p. 223) The protagonist in this narrative, Norman, however is not concerned with gender – except perhaps in his confusion between the clothing of the old woman on the bus and the young woman in the clothing store. Norman is (or was) a part of the phallocentric majority, but as that system becomes more and more cybernitized he finds that he gains nothing but instead loses everything. Possibly there are both winners and losers in the cybernetization of the postmodern, but it is doubtful that even Haraway’s cyborg-like existence would survive the totality of mechanized oppression which Norman perceives. [4] Ferdinand Sausseur described in structuralist terms how “A linguist sign is not a link between a thing and a name, but between a concept and a sound pattern.” The sign is “arbitrary” but more importantly here is that they are different. (Ferdinand Saussure, Course in General Linguistics, McGraw-Hill, 1966, p.67) Jameson cites the work of Lacan who discusses this in terms of “a signifying chain . . . the interlocking syntagmatic series of signifiers which constitutes an utterance or a meaning” Lacan is concerned about the breakdown of this chain. Jameson paraphrases Lacan when he states that “When that relationship [of signifier to signified] breaks down, when the links of the signifying chain snap, then we have schizophrenia in the form of a rubble of distinct and unrelated signifiers.” (Jameson, in A Postmodern Reader, pg. 323-4) [5] Lyotard states in his discussion of savoir (knowledge) that it “is a question of competence that goes beyond the simple determination and application of the criterion of truth, extending to the determination and application of criteria of efficiency (technical qualification), of justice and/or happiness (ethical wisdom), of beauty . . .” The children are capable. They have a knowledge which is entirely relevant to the moment. The street and car alarms are their bricolage, and their music their mythology. The Lyotard quote is in “A Postmodern Reader,” p. 74. [6] It is Derrida who notes an event which he refers to as a “rupture.” This event, or rupture, takes place “in the history of the concept of structure.” It is structural and historical, resulting in a decentering of the subject. His somewhat obtuse observations nonetheless seem to match Norman’s dilemma. Norman is unwittingly at what Derrida calls “freeplay.’ This is not comforting to Norman, although it may be a term which carries a sense of freedom for others. Norman’s is a problem of connectivity, or lack of it. At once connected to the Monster, he is disconnected from the process of how he got there – that is, from his history. A problem for some, a solution for others. Citations in A Postmodern Reader, pp. 223, 225. [7] The woman’s name, Dupris, is From Michel de Certeau, “The Practice of Everyday Life,” p. 108. In the essay “Walking in the City” in which memories are discussed in term of they tie us to a place. For Norman, however, that place is so utterly different now, unlike the somewhat nostalgic inferences of the Dupris in de Certeau’s France. [8] Reference here and in the following sentence is made to Jameson’s discussion of the Bonaventura Hotel in Los Angeles in “Postmodernism, or The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,” The New Left Review, v.146, 1984 p.81 [9] Michel Foucault, chapter on discipline in Discipline and Punish, 1977, p. 177 |
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